Different from the traditional coal-fired heating and gas heating, "nuclear heating" is exactly what kind of heating form, what's the principle, whether it's safe, and what's the future prospect? Qilu Evening News Qilu one point reporter reveals its mystery for you.
Nuclear power station is used to generate electricity, so how to use nuclear energy for heating?
This starts with the principle of power generation in nuclear power plants. The nuclear reaction generates heat, which heats the water to generate steam, which drives the turbine to rotate and the turbine drives the generator to rotate and generate electric energy. In this process, the energy generated by nuclear reaction will first heat the high-pressure water in the pressure vessel, and the heated high-pressure water will flow into the steam generator to heat the water with slightly lower pressure in the steam generator. Because the boiling point of water with low pressure is low, the water with low pressure will turn into steam to drive the turbine.
What's the principle? "In a nutshell, it's pumping." Wu Fang, chairman of Shandong Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., explained that nuclear heating mainly draws steam from the secondary circuit of the nuclear power unit as the heat source, conducts multi-level heat exchange through the first heat exchange station in the plant and the heat exchange station of the heating enterprise outside the plant, and finally transfers the heat to the end user through the municipal heating network.
Is there a nuclear radiation problem, nuclear heating, safe?
Zhao Xin, chairman of Haiyang Fengyuan thermal power company, said that nuclear heating is very environmentally friendly and there is no environmental pollution. The reporter saw in the station building that there were four plate heat exchangers in the station. After the nuclear power heat source came, the heat was exchanged here, and then transported to each community. There was almost no sound and no peculiar smell.
For the problem of whether there is nuclear radiation, Wu Fang said, "in the whole process, there are actually two major steps: steam heating water and water heating water. Multiple circuits are set up between the nuclear power station and the heating users for isolation. There is only heat transfer between each circuit, no water exchange. So there is no nuclear radiation problem. It's very safe. "
Wu Fang, for example, said that there are boards in the pipes between the nuclear power plant and the heat exchange station of the heat enterprise. There is no water exchange between the two sides, only the exchange of temperature. Now there are advanced technical guarantees, and there is no radiation problem.
Is it cheaper than burning coal?
Is it cheaper to use nuclear energy as a heat source than to burn coal? Zhao Xin, chairman of Haiyang Fengyuan thermal power company, said that in the long run, it's really cheap, that is, it has a lot of investment in the early stage. In the early stage, 35 million yuan was invested to lay a 5 km pipeline from the nuclear power plant area to the north gate of Yingfu biology and build the first nuclear heating station of Lingang heat source plant. As for whether the heating price will change in the future, Zhao Xin explained that after one year's operation, the cost will be calculated, and relevant government departments will also intervene to check and approve.
"We have carried out the transformation of electrical automatic control, all of them have been transformed, and now all of them are under intelligent control." Zhao Xin said that from the perspective of the integration of the whole heating system, parameters detection, data analysis and intelligent control can be carried out for the nuclear power heat source, transmission and distribution system and the heating link of the end user, and scientific control can be carried out in the whole process according to the weather change to realize the intelligent heating production, ensure the stable operation of the heating pipe network and ensure the normal heating of the residents.
Nuclear heating has significant environmental protection benefits, significant effect on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental improvement. Is there any prospect for promotion?
According to the relevant person in charge of Shandong Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., in order to achieve clean heating in winter in a wider area, Shandong nuclear power plans to achieve a heating range of 30 kilometers around the plant site in 2021, to meet the heating demand in Haiyang City, and to increase it appropriately according to the demand of surrounding cities; in 2023, the heating range will cover 60 kilometers around the plant site, with an area of 30 million square meters; with Haiyang nuclear power After the follow-up units are completed and put into operation, it is planned to eventually provide more than 200 million square meters of heating capacity, with a heating radius of 100 kilometers, covering qingyanwei area, providing a new and achievable solution for winter clean heating in Jiaodong Peninsula.
At the same time of accelerating the nuclear extraction and heating, Shandong nuclear power also actively promotes the comprehensive utilization and multi energy complementary projects of nuclear energy such as desalination, hydrogen production and energy storage. In the future, Haiyang nuclear power is not only a large-scale green energy base, but also a national demonstration base for comprehensive utilization of nuclear energy.
