The power transformation and power innovation in China are of great significance, but now the difficulty of its income leads to the lack of capital investment, which leads to the difficulty of project implementation. Carry out the micro grid demand test to innovate the main identity, trading form and skill definition of the micro grid. With the purpose of surrounding the user demand and guided by the market demand, truly give play to the technical advantages of the micro grid and serve the social and economic development.
The electronic information department of the Ministry of industry and information technology has released a list of intelligent photovoltaic pilot demonstration projects. It is worth noting that five microgrids are directly included in 22 demonstration projects, namely, the 13mwh light energy storage microgrid demonstration project of Suixi bus station, the source network load storage harmonious microgrid demonstration project of TBEA Xi'an Industrial Park, the 5km light energy storage project and 10km microgrid demonstration of Beijing Tianjin Tanggu expressway, the pilot demonstration of the smart photovoltaic microgrid system of toread and the Qingdao east soft carrier park In addition, there are three demonstration projects of optical storage comparing with the technical characteristics of micro grid.
There are two positive signals about the implementation of China's micro grid: one is the emergence of a number of national demonstration projects related to micro grid; the other is that in addition to the national development and Reform Commission and the national power bureau, there is another important department, the Ministry of industry and information technology, joined the team to promote the development of micro grid. This has ushered in new development opportunities for the micro grid which has been in the tuyere but has not been hot.
Policy support in recent years
Since 2014, China's dynamic career has entered a period of rapid development of institutional reform and skill innovation. As a typical representative of the integration of new power skills, information skills, system and mechanism innovation, microgrid has received the attention of the government and the profession.
In 2015, Zhongfa [2015] No. 9 document officially opened a new round of power system reform, which also provided the soil for micro grid to develop a suitable livelihood. Subsequently, the Guidance Opinions on promoting the construction of new power micro grid demonstration project, the implementation opinions on promoting the construction of multi energy complementary integration optimization demonstration project (FGD [2016] No. 1430), the trial method for promoting the construction of grid connected micro grid (FGD [2017] No. 1339) and the guidance opinions on promoting the development of distributed power micro grid issued by Jiangsu Province See "and other central and local documents supporting the development of microgrid have been released continuously, all of which have inspired the career.
In addition to 28 new power micro grid demonstration projects, 23 multi energy complementary integrated optimization demonstration projects and 56 power Internet demonstration projects are also related to micro grid skills. Jiangsu Province clearly put forward the policy of building about 20 distributed power micro grid projects in 2020 and about 50 distributed power micro grid projects in 2025; the State Power Bureau also put forward the policy that by 2020, the share of new industrial parks in each province (District, city) adopting the integrated terminal energy supply system will reach about 50%, and the share of existing industrial parks implementing power induction and cascade use and transformation will reach about 30% And the way to complete the multi energy complementary and collaborative supply is "through natural gas cogeneration, distributed renewable power and power intelligent micro network".
Difficulties in income cause difficulties in project implementation
In sharp contrast to the government's vigorous release of documents to support the development of microgrid, it is the cold and clean investment of capital on Microgrid. The demonstration project of new power microgrid has been carried out for more than two years, but its role is not significant; most of the demonstration projects of multi energy complementary integration optimization and power Internet related to microgrid have also died. In addition, it seems that the national policy of building 50% new and transforming 30% terminal integrated energy supply system proposed by the State Power Bureau in 2020, or the provincial policy of building 20 or so distributed power micro grid demonstration projects proposed by Jiangsu Province, is still very far away.
The reason for this phenomenon is that it is difficult for capital to see the economic benefits of micro grid investment, especially in the trend of electricity price reduction in recent two years. The main reasons for the difficulty in generating micro grid economic benefits are as follows: on the one hand, the cost of skills is relatively high, in addition to the cost of distributed power and power supply skills, the cost of skills to complete the isolated network and operation optimization can not be ignored; on the other hand, the mechanism of power market is not perfect, which leads to the fact that micro grid can not bring economic benefits in the market through flexible skill advantages such as adjustable power and interruptible load Benefit. In addition, it is now in the chaotic stage of interest game of distribution reform. When there is no significant impact of economic interests, the social capital will be more "resigned" to the micro grid investment.
Need to have continuous operation and profit form
Microgrid is an important carrier to promote the development of power and the reform of operation and management mode, plays an important role in promoting energy conservation and emission reduction and completing the continuous development of power, and is an important measure to implement the innovation of power production and consumption. However, if we do not fully consider the current special stage of China's power market and the current main contradiction between power supply and demand, the micro grid technology advantage will only be a castle in the air, and it is difficult to truly serve China's social and economic development.
Although the pilot demonstration project of intelligent photovoltaic led by the Ministry of industry and information technology focuses on the use demonstration of intelligent photovoltaic, which integrates big data, Internet and artificial intelligence, it is ultimately for users, and requires innovative forms of continuous operation and profitability. It is suggested that we should take this as the key to develop microgrid with innovative ideas.
One is to test and innovate the identity of the main body of the microgrid and bypass the bundling of the identity of the second type of power selling company. Although in terms of functionality, the second type of power selling company best meets the identity requirements of the main body of the micro grid. It is the same identity of the second type of power selling company that makes the development of the micro grid at this stage fall into the dilemma of operation mechanism binding and interest game, which includes the distribution price mechanism, trading mechanism, regulatory mechanism and so on. Considering the practical power supply demand of many user sides and the necessity of summarizing power service on user side, it is advisable to test and innovate a kind of identity of micro grid subject on user side, which can not only disconnect from the embarrassing situation of the second type of power selling company, but also deal with the problem of legal identity of current power supply subject.
The second is to test the innovation of the form of trading, bypassing the binding of the form of power supply, power selling company and user. According to the analysis of the micro grid skill structure and the current power market mechanism in China, the micro grid related transactions can be divided into internal distributed power business and external market business, which will involve network fees, business rules, business audit and other issues. Although this meets the requirements of caution, it will bring many more messy issues. It is advisable to deal with the transaction of microgrid in a more "simple" innovative form in combination with the innovative identity of the main body of microgrid, with the policy of reducing the power consumption cost of users.
The third is to test the innovation of skill definition. It is necessary to have the compulsory skill binding of isolated network operation ability to bypass the micro grid. It is true that the ability of isolated network operation is one of the greatest strengths of micro grid, but the original intention of its appearance is to improve the power of distributed power supply. However, the skill cost added by the operation of isolated network cannot be underestimated. If the reliability of the external distribution network is strong enough, users are not willing to pay for the operation of the isolated network, it will become the weak skill of the micro grid and add the operation burden of the micro grid. Whether there is the ability of isolated network operation shall be determined by the practical needs and external conditions of the project, including the requirements for continuous power supply of internal load, the ability of reliability skills of external power grid, the charging level of high reliability power connection and the cost of skills of micro power grid to complete the operation of isolated network, etc., and it is not allowed to "isolate the network in order to complete the isolated network".
(the author is the director of intelligent power room of East China Electric Power Design Institute)
